Refactoring studio

Unpack a graph, or elaborate its language.

Grade 12 material is distributed toward A1 without pretending that a shorter wording is the same lesson. Grade 1 material is carried toward B2 without new nodes. The arithmetic is the annotation, not a score to optimize.

The lesson sentences stay in English. CEFR here is a scale for that English, not for the language of this page.

Unpack · Grade 12 toward A1

Elaborate · Grade 1 toward B2

Life science · Grade 12 · Unpack

Natural selection

Heritable variation in a population changes who leaves more offspring, so some traits become more common across generations.

What of G this encoding still carries

    D(W)

    0.65

    23 words

    Peak M while reading

    15.0

    Components

    Concepts in text

    9

    of 9 in G

    Relations stated

    6

    of 6

    One sentence carries the assembly. Syntax is doing the work of holding causation, qualification, and the name together. Nothing in G is missing, and nothing is explained.

    Components stay separate. Meeting the name again reopens the assembly.

    D(W) = (8.7 + 1.0 × 6.3) / 23 = 0.65

    Sums count concepts introduced in the student text, and relations the text establishes. Probes are excluded. λ weights relations against concepts. It is a setting, not a law.

    Active at this sentence

    15.0

    Peak while reading 15.0 · name alone 15.0 · this sentence is the peak

    • Natural selection0.7
    • Heritability1.1
    • Variation0.8
    • Population0.9
    • Unequal success1.2
    • Reproduction0.8
    • Fitness1.3
    • Frequency1.1
    • Generations0.8
    • Variation sits inside the population0.8
    • The variation that matters is heritable1.2
    • A heritable difference can change who has more offspring1.4
    • Unequal success is unequal reproduction0.8
    • Unequal success changes frequency across generations1.4
    • That process is natural selection0.7

    What the rewrite did

    • Pack

      Population, heritability, unequal reproduction, fitness, and frequency share one sentence.

    • Name early

      The term arrives before a reader without the chunk can have built it.

    G, the graph being represented

    Solid is in this wording. Dashed and faded was shed. Dashed and dark is not in G. Teal outline is assumed.

    G, the graph being representedA group of living things of one kind, in one place.PopulationIndividuals in that group are not all the same.VariationSome differences pass from parents to offspring.HeritabilityA difference that helps an individual leave more offspring in this place.FitnessSome individuals leave more offspring than others.Unequal successHaving offspring.ReproductionHow common a difference is in the group.FrequencyOne group of offspring after the last.GenerationsThe name of this whole process.Natural selection

    Establishes: Variation sits inside the population; The variation that matters is heritable; A heritable difference can change who has more offspring; Unequal success is unequal reproduction; Unequal success changes frequency across generations; That process is natural selection. Click a node to find where it enters.

    How D was computed

    Concepts introduced

    • Natural selection0.7
    • Heritability1.1
    • Variation0.8
    • Population0.9
    • Unequal success1.2
    • Reproduction0.8
    • Fitness1.3
    • Frequency1.1
    • Generations0.8
    • Σ w_v8.7

    Relations established

    • Variation sits inside the population0.8
    • The variation that matters is heritable1.2
    • A heritable difference can change who has more offspring1.4
    • Unequal success is unequal reproduction0.8
    • Unequal success changes frequency across generations1.4
    • That process is natural selection0.7
    • Σ w_e6.3

    CEFR targets used here

    A1
    One main proposition per sentence. Very frequent words. Present tense. Name a thing only after the idea is present.
    A2
    and, but, because, if. Usually one new relation in a sentence. A short comparison is allowed.
    B1
    A short argument with because, so, or although, or a relative clause. A term may be defined once and then reused.
    B2
    Subordination and qualification may share a sentence. Academic vocabulary is allowed for nodes already in the graph.